Energy is an indispensable input for economic growth and human development. There is a strong two-way relationship between economic development and energy consumption. To achieve a sustained economic growth rate of 8%-9%, till 2031/32 and to meet the lifetime energy needs of all its citizens, India needs, at the very least, to increase its primary energy supply by 3 to 4 times and its electricity generation capacity by approximately 6 times. Demand for energy will keep increasing because of accelerated industrialization, urbanization and an emerging consumer society.