In 1999, the Israeli government initiated a long-term, large scale SWRO (Sea Water Reverse Osmosis) desalination program. The program is designed to provide to the growing demands on Israel's scarce water resources, and to mitigate the drought conditions that have characterized most years since the mid 1990s.

The continued high cost of fresh water and environmental concerns are causing more industrial plants to explore wastewater reuse options. Many facilities are finding it can be more economical to reuse wastewater from specific process areas or from sources outside the petroleum refining or petrochemical facility that it is to reuse wastewater from centralized wastewater treatment plants.

Worldwide, cities and townships are facing many complex wastewater treatment issues. Although centralized sewers are seen as a preferred solution to wastewater problems, areas with centralized sewers discharding to surface waters, have been identified as source of many pollution problems. Lack of sufficient, even basic treatment is a risk to public health.

Tirupur, the textile knitwear hub of India discharges about 100 MLD of dyestuff effluents with high salt content and multi colored effluents from as early as 1990s. It flanks and pollutes the Noyyal river course rendering it as a virtual effluent course as rainfall is hardly for 15 days only in a year.

When the city of American Falls, Idaho (USA) was looking to replace an existing chlorination system for the disinfection of municipal wastewater, a primary concern was for a disinfection system that eliminated the dangerous chemical byproducts of the chlorination process. To meet these demands, the municipality turned to ITT for the installation of a disinfection system using WEDECO ultraviolet technology.

The Water Services Corporation in Malta is one example of a forward-looking operator of a seawater reverse osmosis seeking to ensure the production of high quality drinking at an affordable price.

Water treatment & wastewater reuse - Case study.

A steam trap is a device attached to the lower portion of a steam filled line or vessel which pass condensate but will not allow the escape of steam, or a steam trap is a piece of equipment that automatically controls the condensate removal, air and carbon dioxide from a piping system with minimal steam loss.

Large investments made in automation & control systems by water utilities over the last 20 years has produced necessary infrastructure for global optimization strategies.

The two wastewater plants in the Township of Morris, New Jersey, USA have experienced significant savings in electricity costs, sludge removal, and chemical usage. Savings result from installation of an effective system to control dissolved oxygen levels in the plant's aerated digestion tanks.