Quantification of natural groundwater recharge is a basic prerequisite for efficient groundwater resource management and is particularly vital in an area where shallow groundwater is mostly polluted with highly toxic elements. It is especially critical where large and concentrated demand for groundwater supplies exist such as in urban areas, industrial zones and irrigated fields.

Around 30 per cent of the groundwater resource in the state is unfit for both drinking and agriculture, a fact that has sparked concern in the groundwater department authorities since water sources in the state are receding at an alarming rate. Salinity and fluoride contamination are the main reasons for the water becoming unsuitable for irrigation and drinking. Dr K. Venugopal, joint director, groundwater department, said that there are as many as 36 saline mandals and a huge area with high flourine content in water, posing health hazards due to fluorosis.

Environmental exposure to arsenic has been linked to hypertension in persons living in arsenic-endemic areas. The researchers summarized published epidemiologic studies concerning arsenic exposure and hypertension or blood pressure (BP) measurements to evaluate the potential relationship.

Rainfall is the major source of recharge to groundwater aquifers in Kerala. Most of the rainfall is received during a six months period, leaving the remaining six months between December and January to May as almost dry months. The rainfall amount and distribution pattern in any given year determines the level of groundwater scarcity during summer months.

Passengers on an unusual train journeying the through the thick of Punjab polls discuss their ailments afflicting an entire generation. Strangely, for the state's politics, which is as much blinded by materialism as the people there, these problems just don't exist.

Hampered by inadequate manpower, lack of statutory power

Amid widespread apprehensions over the quality of water supplied through an estimated 400 tanker lorries in the district, the Groundwater Department remains a mute spectator thanks to the lack of statutory authority and adequate manpower.

Sinking borewells is no solution to tackling water crisis. Aggressively advocating rainwater harvesting will help mitigate the scarcity, said Amita Prasad, principal secretary, Rural Development and Panchayat Raj (RDPR).

Addressing officials on World Water Day, Prasad said the biggest problem faced by the Department of Panchayat Raj and Rural Development was not effectively managing water wealth. Water quality and coverage should be the priority. Sinking of borewells should be stopped, she said.

The main objective of this M & E study is to evaluate the effectiveness of centrally sponsored programmes/schemes/projects for artificial recharge of ground water in the rainfed regions of the Maharashtra state. The changes attributed due to ground water recharge structures are clearly and objectively brought out under the study. The study documented the progress in the sample assessment units with focus on outcomes and achievements. The study reviewed the strategies adopted to achieve the programme/scheme/project objectives in the sample study area with respect to:

National Green Tribunal Judgment dated 9/02/2012, on Sponge Iron Plant in District Raigarh, Chattisgarh, before 2004 i.e. prior to issuance of EIA Notification, 2006. The production capacity of the said existing unit was 66,000 TPA of Sponge Iron (2 x 100 TPD kilns). The rules which governed at the relevant time did not mandate any need for seeking environment clearance for establishing Sponge Iron Units and as such, no environmental clearance was obtained, for installation of the said unit.

Environment ministry granted clearance even though mandatory public consultations were not held The National Green Tribunal has suspended the environment clearance granted to the sponge iron plant of Scania Steel and Power Ltd in Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh. The Union Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) had granted environment clearance to the project in 2008 even though the mandatory public hearing was not held for it.

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