Sandwiched between India and Myanmar and with an area of 147,570 sq km, Bangladesh is among the world's most densely populated countries with a population of 164 million. The country is geologically part of the Bengal Basin, among the largest in the world. Nearly 50 per cent of the country lies at an elevation of less than 10 m above sea level, and only the southwestern parts of the country exceeds an altitude of 300 m above sea level.

The Water and Sanitation Program undertook this study to conduct evidence based research to help advocacy in the sanitation sector. The study aims to empirically estimate the economic impacts of current poor sanitation conditions in Pakistan as well as the economic benefits of options for improved conditions. The study’s ultimate goal is to provide policy makers at both national and local levels with evidence to justify larger investments in improving the sanitation conditions in the country.

The High Level Committee on Financing Infrastructure has constituted a subcommittee on Financing Urban Infrastructure with the following terms of reference: Year-wise investments for the twelfth plan; Sources of financing (viz.

Urban water and sanitation service delivery in Orissa could significantly improve by achieving these key objectives.

This draft report on city sanitation plan provides an insight on the present sanitation practices/situation in the city, sanitation deficiencies and further provides a detailed planning for city wide sanitation for attaining the goal of open defecation free city. A structured sample survey was conducted throughout the city on various attributes that concern the sanitation facilities in its vicinity and analysis of the same is carried out to assess its present sanitation situation.

All cities and towns in Odisha become totally clean, sanitized, healthy, liveable, ensuring and sustaining good public health and environmental outcomes for all citizens, with a special focus on hygienic and affordable sanitation for the urban poor and women; in line with the National Urban Sanitation Policy. The overall goal of this strategy is to transform urban Odisha into community-driven, totally sanitized (safe), healthy and liveable cities/towns that are managed by ULBs with citizen and stakeholder participation.