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Technology roadmap and costs for fuel efficiency increase and CO2 reduction from Chinese new passenger cars in 2030

To support the development of stringent yet cost-effective fuel efficiency standards for Chinese passenger cars for the 2025–2030 time frame, this study evaluates the potential technology pathways for and incremental costs of meeting the preliminary fuel efficiency target outlined in Made in China 2025. Based on methods developed in previous ICCT studies, the authors evaluate the fuel efficiency impacts and costs of a number of engine and vehicle technology packages by leveraging detailed vehicle simulation modeling and teardown analysis, and then combine the results to derive cost curves for the entire Chinese passenger car fleet and its major market segments.